Examinando por Autor "Bustos-Arriagada, Edson"
Mostrando 1 - 8 de 8
Resultados por página
Opciones de ordenación
Ítem Breastfeeding, complementary feeding, physical activity, screen use, and hours of sleep in children under 2 years during lockdown by the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile(MDPI, 2022-05-30) Bustos-Arriagada, EdsonInfants and children are a risk group in terms of developing healthy habits, an important aspect if we consider that many of them were born during the COVID-19 pandemic. Our objective was to evaluate compliance with lifestyle recommendations proposed at the national and international levels in children aged 0 to 23 months during confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. A cross-sectional study was conducted, and 211 online questionnaires were completed with sociodemographic and lifestyle information of children. Our results show high compliance with the recommendations on breastfeeding intake (78.3% and 69.5% in 0–5-month-old and 6–23-month-old children, respectively); age of starting complementary feeding (87.4%); non-consumption of salt and sugar (80.1%), non-caloric sweeteners (90.7%), and sweet and salty snacks (68.9%); and hours of physical activity (66.8%) and sleep (65.4%). However, we observed low compliance with the recommendations on the age of introduction of dinner (58.0%), eggs (23.0%), legumes (39.2%), and fish (35.1%); low consumption of legumes (43.4%) and fish (20.5%); and low compliance with the recommendations on screen use during meals (59.2%) and daily screen hours (41.2%). In conclusion, feeding behavior, physical activity, use of screens, and hours of sleep in children were altered by confinement during the pandemic, harming the development of healthy lifestyles.Ítem Comportamiento alimentario, suficiencia dietaria y estado nutricional en niños entre 6 a 18 meses(Sociedad Chilena de Pediatría, 2021) Bustos-Arriagada, EdsonLa alimentación infantil presenta características cualitativas y cuantitativas específicas. La influencia de los padres sobre la ingesta de alimentos es crucial en el desarrollo de hábitos y un adecuado estado nutricional. Objetivo: Evaluar el comportamiento alimentario, las características dietarias y estado nutricional en niños entre 6 a 18 meses. Sujetos y Método: Estudio descriptivo de corte transversal en 199 niños. En una muestra por conveniencia se consignaron datos demográficos y antropométricos para estado nutricional, y antecedentes dietarios, mediante recordatorio de 24 h para el compor- tamiento dietario y la suficiencia alimentaria. Se aplicó t-student y ANOVA de una vía para varia- bles continuas y test chi-cuadrado para categóricas. Resultados: 54,8% mujeres. Estado nutricional: 21,1% sobrepeso y 7,6% obesidad. Un 56,8% de los niños tenían números de comidas acorde su edad. La ingesta promedio de energía fue de 652,9 ± 224,2 calorías diarias. La ingesta de energía y macro- nutrientes fue significativamente mayor en los niños que no consumían leche materna y de 12 a 18 meses. La adecuación energética, lípidos y carbohidratos en las niñas fue significativamente mayor a la de niños. Un 83,1% del consumo de alimentos fueron habituales para este grupo etario. Conclu- sión: En el comportamiento alimentario se encontró que 4 de cada 10 niños presentan números de comidas mayor al sugerido a su edad. En cuanto a la suficiencia dietaría hay una mayor ingesta en los niños con estado nutricional normal, sin LM y entre 12 y 18 meses. A pesar de la alta prevalencia de obesidad, esta fue menor a la observada a nivel nacional.Ítem Evaluation of the Effect of the Technical Guidelines for Chilean Milk Dietary Service on the Microbiological and Nutritional Quality of a Powdered Infant Formula(MDPI, 2024-10-19) Bustos-Arriagada, EdsonThe Chilean Technical Manual for Milk Dietary Service (SEDILE) was evaluated to determine its effectiveness in ensuring the microbiological safety and vitamin D adequacy of a commercially available powdered infant formula (PIF) used in SEDILE. The evaluation focused on whether adherence to the manual’s guidelines positively influenced these factors. Both the PIF and the reconstituted PIF (RIF) were found to be free from Cronobacter sakazakii and Salmonella enterica contamination, with levels of total coliforms and Escherichia coli within acceptable limits. Moreover, the vitamin D content in the formula was within the expected range. These findings suggest that following the Chilean Technical Manual for SEDILE contributes to the microbiological safety and nutritional adequacy of RIF in dietary services.Ítem Feeding behaviour and lifestyle of children and adolescents one year after lockdown by the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile(MDPI, 2021-11) Bustos-Arriagada, EdsonLockdown caused by the COVID-19 pandemic may have influenced feeding behaviour and lifestyle in children and adolescents. The purpose of this study was to analyse feeding behaviour and lifestyle in children and adolescents one year after lockdown by the COVID-19 pandemic in Chile. In this cross-sectional study an online survey was implemented in 1083 parents and care- givers regarding their children’s feeding behaviour and lifestyle and sociodemographic background. The results showed that “eat breakfast daily” (89.2%), “not overnight food intake” (69.9%) and “not fast-food intake” (66.0%) were the most frequent reported feeding behaviours, particularly in pre-school children. Respondents declaring healthy feeding behaviours and lifestyle were 23.4 and 23.7%, respectively, with no significant differences by sex. In pre-school children, families with three or fewer members and parents or caregivers with an undergraduate or postgraduate degree reported a significantly better feeding behaviour and lifestyle compared to families with more than three members and parents or caregivers without an undergraduate or postgraduate degree. In conclusion, the pandemic lockdown had a negative impact in lifestyle in children and particularly in adolescents. Healthier feeding behaviour was associated with fewer family members and parents or caregivers with at least an undergraduate degree.Ítem Leucine Intake and Sarcopenia Indicators of an Elderly Group from the Metropolitan Region, Santiago De Chile, Who Participated in the Program for Complementary Food in Older People (PACAM)(MDPI, 2024-10-18) Bustos-Arriagada, EdsonBackground and objective: The global aging population has led to increased noncommunicable diseases, often linked to poor diet and declining muscle strength and mass. This study assessed leucine intake and sarcopenia indicators among 181 adults aged 60–80 in Santiago, Chile, participating in the Program for Complementary Food in Older People (PACAM), with 80% being women. Methods: Sarcopenia was evaluated through muscle strength and mass using the EWGSOP2 criteria for its identification. Results: 78.45% of participants did not meet the recommended leucine intake of 3 g per day and sarcopenia was identified in 17.13% of them. The skeletal muscle index was 48.07%, and hand grip strength was 26.52%, with men showing significantly higher grip strength (48.60% vs. 28.80%, p = 0.00). Inadequate leucine intake was more common in those aged 60–75 (85.9%) than those over 75 (p = 0.03). No significant differences in BMI, grip strength, or muscle mass were found between those with adequate and inadequate leucine intake, and PACAM food consumption did not significantly affect these parameters. A sub-analysis showed significant differences in grip strength among powdered dairy drink consumers (35.20% vs. 17.80%, p = 0.01). Conclusions: Chilean elderly participating in PACAM present a high prevalence of sarcopenia and leucine deficiency among with no notable benefits from PACAM foods intake. Despite the limitations of the local body composition assessment method, this research addresses a critical public health issue in Chile. Future studies should evaluate physical performance and focus on leucine supplementation to clarify its effects on sarcopenia.Ítem Nutritional Status of 8,128,014 Chilean and Immigrant Children and Adolescents Evaluated by the National Board of School Aid and Scholarships (JUNAEB) Between 2013 and 2023(MDPI, 2025-02-17) Bustos-Arriagada, EdsonIntroduction: Nutritional issues, including overweight and obesity, along with the rising number of immigrants facing their own nutritional problems, continue to keep Chile on alert. Objective: To evaluate the epidemiological and nutritional status changes among Chilean and immigrant boys, girls, and adolescents (BGA) in schools evaluated by the National Board of School Aid and Scholarships (JUNAEB) from 2013 to 2023. Methods: This descriptive study analyzed individual, anonymous, and de-identified data on the nutritional status of BGA in pre-kindergarten, kindergarten, first grade, fifth grade, and the first year of high school using the JUNAEB Nutritional Map. Results: The sample consisted of 8,128,014 BGA, 49.2% women and 50.8% men. In 2013, immigrant BGA represented 0.4% of the total number of children evaluated, and by 2023, this percentage increased to 7.9%. It was observed that Chilean BGA had a lower proportion of thinness, risk of thinness, stunting, and normal weight, but a higher proportion of overnutrition compared to immigrants, similar to observations made during the COVID-19 pandemic. Comparisons by sex showed that Chilean and immigrant women had a lower percentage of thinness, risk of thinness, obesity, severe obesity, and stunting, and a higher proportion of normal weight when compared to men. Conclusions: The rise in immigrant BGA within the Chilean school system, together with the nutritional differences between both groups, highlights the need to consider these particularities when designing nutritional public policies in the health and education sectors.Ítem Perfil del Observatorio Nutricional Nestlé-Universidad Finis Terrae: percepciones y prácticas alimentarias en niños, niñas y adolescentes en Chile(Sociedad Chilena de Nutrición, Bromatología y Toxicología, 2025-12-31) Bustos-Arriagada, EdsonIntroducción: El Observatorio Nutricional Nestlé –Universidad Finis Terrae surge como respuesta a la limitada información disponible sobre la alimentación, nutrición y estilos de vida en niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA) chilenos. Objetivo: Describir las características del observatorio nutricional Nestlé-Finis Terrae y los principales hallazgos del período 2022-2024. Sujetos y métodos: A través de encuestas telefónicas estructuradas a personas adultas que se identifican como padres o madres de niños, niñas y adolescentes entre 2 y 15 años, residentes en Chile, se ha monitoreado desde el año 2022 el comportamiento alimentario y estilos de vida de padres, cuidadores y sus hijos. Resultados: Entre los principales hallazgos destaca una elevada percepción de alimentación equilibrada a nivel familiar, con valores relativamente estables entre 2022 y 2024: 57% (intervalo de confianza del 95%, IC 95%: 52,9–61,0) en 2022, 51% (IC 95%: 46,9–55,1) en 2023 y 56% (IC 95%: 51,9–60,0) en 2024. Se observó un aumento sostenido de la improvisación alimentaria, desde 51% en 2022 a 60% en 2024. La preocupación por los precios de los alimentos también creció, de 17% en 2023 a 25% en 2024. En 2023 se registró el mayor nivel de percepción de alergias e intolerancias no diagnosticadas (33%, IC 95%: 29,2–36,9). Además, se identificó una subestimación del estado nutricional real de los hijos y bajo cumplimiento de las recomendaciones sobre actividad física y uso de pantallas. Conclusión: El observatorio se caracteriza por una metodología estandarizada y la continuidad anual en la recolección de datos, lo que permite disponer de información consistente sobre percepciones en salud y nutrición infantil. Aunque el uso de datos autorreportados representa una limitación, los resultados obtenidos constituyen un insumo relevante para el diseño de políticas públicas y estrategias educativas orientadas a promover hábitos de vida más saludables en la infancia y adolescencia chilena. Introduction: The Nestlé–Universidad Finis Terrae Nutritional Observatory was created in response to the limited information available on the diet, nutrition, and lifestyles of Chilean children and adolescents. Objective: To describe the characteristics of the Nestlé–Finis Terrae Nutritional Observatory and the main findings from the 2022–2024 period. Subjects and methods: Since 2022, structured telephone surveys have been conducted with adults who identify as parents of children and adolescents aged 2 to 15 years, residing in Chile. These surveys monitor the eating behaviors and lifestyle habits of parents, caregivers, and their children. Results: One of the main findings was a high perception of balanced family nutrition, with relatively stable values across the years: 57% (95% confidence interval, CI 95%: 52.9–61.0) in 2022, 51% (CI 95%: 46.9–55.1) in 2023, and 56% (CI 95%: 51.9–60.0) in 2024. A steady increase in improvised eating was observed, rising from 51% in 2022 to 60% in 2024. Concern about food prices also grew, from 17% in 2023 to 25% in 2024. In 2023, the highest level of rerceived undiagnosed allergies and intolerances was recorded (33%, CI 95%: 29.2–36.9). Additionally, there was evidence of underestimation of children’s actual nutritional status and low adherence to recommendations regarding physical activity and screen time. Conclusion: The observatory is distinguished by its standardized methodology and annual data collection, providing consistent information on perceptions related to child health and nutrition. Although the use of self-reported data is a limitation, the findings offer valuable input for the development of public policies and educational strategies aimed at promoting healthier lifestyles among Chilean children and adolescents.Ítem Recomendaciones y efectos de la fibra dietaria en niños(Sociedad Chilena de Nutrición, Bromatología y Toxicología, 2020) Bustos-Arriagada, EdsonConocida es la influencia de la fibra dietaria sobre los efectos mecánicos a nivel gastrointestinal, la composición y modulación de la microbiota intestinal y su función en la actividad metabólica y nutricional en adultos. En niños y adolescentes estos efectos son menos conocidos, generando interesantes áreas de investigación y desarrollo científico que nos puedan entregar mayor conocimiento de sus repercusiones a nivel fisiológicos y fisiopatológicos. Esta revisión tiene como objetivo entregar información actualizada sobre las diferentes clasificaciones de fibra, sus principales funciones digestivas y metabólicas, así como las recomendaciones de ingesta diaria en pediatría.